Alignment of multi-cultural knowledge repositories

The ability to interconnect multiple knowledge repositories within a single framework is a key asset for various use cases such as document retrieval and question answering. However, independently created repositories are inherently heterogeneous, reflecting their diverse origins. Thus, there is a need to align concepts and entities across knowledge repositories. A limitation of prior work is the assumption of high afinity between the repositories at hand, in terms of structure and terminology. The goal of this dissertation is to develop methods for constructing and curating alignments between multi-cultural knowledge repositories. The first contribution is a system, ACROSS, for reducing the terminological gap between repositories. The second contribution is two alignment methods, LILIANA and SESAME, that cope with structural diversity. The third contribution, LAIKA, is an approach to compute alignments between dynamic repositories. Experiments with a suite ofWeb-scale knowledge repositories show high quality alignments. In addition, the application benefits of LILIANA and SESAME are demonstrated by use cases in search and exploration.Die Fähigkeit mehrere Wissensquellen in einer Anwendung miteinander zu verbinden ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil für verschiedene Anwendungsszenarien wie z.B. dem Auffinden von Dokumenten und der Beantwortung von Fragen. Unabhängig erstellte Datenquellen sind allerdings von Natur aus heterogen, was ihre unterschiedlichen Herkünfte widerspiegelt. Somit besteht ein Bedarf darin, die Konzepte und Entitäten zwischen den Wissensquellen anzugleichen. Frühere Arbeiten sind jedoch auf Datenquellen limitiert, die eine hohe Ähnlichkeit im Sinne von Struktur und Terminologie aufweisen. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist, Methoden für Aufbau und Pflege zum Angleich zwischen multikulturellen Wissensquellen zu entwickeln. Der erste Beitrag ist ein System names ACROSS, das auf die Reduzierung der terminologischen Kluft zwischen den Datenquellen abzielt. Der zweite Beitrag sind die Systeme LILIANA und SESAME, welche zum Angleich eben dieser Datenquellen unter Berücksichtigung deren struktureller Unterschiede dienen. Der dritte Beitrag ist ein Verfahren names LAIKA, das den Angleich dynamischer Quellen unterstützt. Unsere Experimente mit einer Reihe von Wissensquellen in Größenordnung des Web zeigen eine hohe Qualität unserer Verfahren. Zudem werden die Vorteile in der Verwendung von LILIANA und SESAME in Anwendungsszenarien für Suche und Exploration dargelegt

ACROSS: A framework for multi-cultural interlinking of web taxonomies

International audienceThe Web hosts a huge variety of multi-cultural taxonomies. They encompass product catalogs of e-commerce, generalpurposeknowledge bases and numerous domain-specific category systems. The "common denominator" of all these is theirenormous diversity, which makes it infeasible to combine multiple taxonomies for ad-hoc tasks. To support the alignmentof independently created Web taxonomies, we introduce the ACROSS framework. For mapping categories across differenttaxonomies, ACROSS harnesses instance-level features as well as distant supervision from an intermediate source likemultiple Wikipedia editions. Our experiments with heterogeneous taxonomies for different domains demonstrate the viability of our approach and improvement over state-of-theart baselines

Multi-Cultural Interlinking of Web Taxonomies with ACROSS

International audienc

SESAME: European Statistics Explored via Semantic Alignment onto Wikipedia

International audienc

sPLA2 Wobbles on the Lipid Bilayer between Three Positions, Each Involved in the Hydrolysis Process

Secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s) are peripheral membrane enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids in the sn-2 position. The action of sPLA2 is associated with the work of two active sites. One, the interface binding site (IBS), is needed to bind the enzyme to the membrane surface. The other one, the catalytic site, is needed to hydrolyze the substrate. The interplay between sites, how the substrate protrudes to, and how the hydrolysis products release from, the catalytic site remains in the focus of investigations. Here, we report that bee venom PLA2 has two additional interface binding modes and enzyme activity through constant switching between three different orientations (modes of binding), only one of which is responsible for substrate uptake from the bilayer. The finding was obtained independently using atomic force microscopy and molecular dynamics. Switching between modes has biological significance: modes are steps of the enzyme moving along the membrane, product release in biological milieu, and enzyme desorption from the bilayer surface

Електроосадження металічного молібдену з водних електролітів, що містять фтороводневу кислоту

<p><em> Досліджено вплив фтороводневої кислоти на катодне відновлення молібдат-іонів. Показано, що механізм процесу визначається її концентрацією. При концентрації менше 25 г/л на катоді утворюються проміжні продукти відновлення молібдат-іонів — чорні або кольорові осади, середня валентність молібдену в яких становить 3,6–4. При концентрації понад 50 г/л молібдат-іони повністю відновлюються, утворюючи на катоді щільні світлі металеві покриття товщиною 3–5 мкм з доброю адгезією до основи. Додавання фтороводневої кислоти запобігає полімеризації молібдат-іонів. З використанням рівняння Арреніуса визначено ефективну енергію активації процесу електровідновлення молібдат-іонів, величина якої характеризує дифузійні обмеження процесів, які перебігають у плівці, що формується на поверхні електрода.</em><em></em></p

Titanium-Containing Coagulants in Wastewater Treatment Processes in the Alcohol Industry

As part of the work, studies of the quality of wastewater from alcohol production were carried out; the main characteristics were determined, such as the charge of dispersed particles and the content of organic compounds and fats. A comparison is made of the effectiveness of titanium salts, traditional aluminum, and iron-containing coagulants. It has been established that titanium salts are much more effective than traditional reagents, but their high cost significantly limits the scope of their application. The possibility of increasing the efficiency of traditional coagulants by adding various titanium salts in an amount of up to 10% of the mass has been proved. It has been established that the addition of titanium compounds to aluminum or iron-containing coagulants makes it possible to increase the cleaning efficiency by an average of 10&ndash;20% while a significant reduction in the dose of reagents is possible, which will have a positive effect on the cost of the cleaning process. It was found that the addition of titanium salts to a coagulant based on aluminum sulfate allows not only an increase in the cleaning efficiency but also further intensifies the processes of sedimentation and filtration of coagulation sludge, which will significantly reduce the size of the treatment equipment and reduce capital costs

Computational Assessment of an Elusive Aromatic N3P3 Molecule

We computationally proved that the planar aromatic hexagonal isomer N3P3 with the alteration of N and P is the second most stable structure for the N3P3 stoichiometry. We found that the aromatic isomer has high barriers for transition into the global minimum structure or into the three isolated NP molecules, making this structure kinetically stable. We showed that the sandwich N3P3CrN3P3 molecule corresponds to a minimum on the potential energy surface; thus, the aromatic N3P3 molecule has a potential to be a new ligand in chemistry

Spectroscopy Study of Albumin Interaction with Negatively Charged Liposome Membranes: Mutual Structural Effects of the Protein and the Bilayers

Liposomes as drug carriers are usually injected into the systemic circulation where they are instantly exposed to plasma proteins. Liposome–protein interactions can affect both the stability of liposomes and the conformation of the associated protein leading to the altered biodistribution of the carrier. In this work, mutual effects of albumin and liposomal membrane in the course of the protein’s adsorption were examined in terms of quantity of bound protein, its structure, liposome membrane permeability, and changes in physicochemical characteristics of the liposomes. Fluorescence spectroscopy methods and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), which provides information about specific groups in lipids involved in interaction with the protein, were used to monitor adsorption of albumin with liposomes based on egg phosphatidylcholine with various additives of negatively charged lipidic components, such as phosphatidylinositol, ganglioside GM1, or the acidic lipopeptide. Less than a dozen of the protein molecules were tightly bound to a liposome independently of bilayer composition, yet they had a detectable impact on the bilayer. Albumin conformational changes during adsorption were partially related to bilayer microhydrophobicity. Ganglioside GM1 showed preferable features for evading undesirable structural changes